Lombardy
5-22 June 2000
We spent almost three weeks in Lombardy, in the top center of Italy, at the beginning of June. While our vacation plans are usually a series of points to visit (museums, churches, villas, gardens), the objective of a vacation on the Italian lakes is just being there. There are plenty of sights to visit, too, but the reason for going back to the lakes are the memories of ferry rides, the view from our hotel, eating dinner on a lakeside terrace, having a drink at an outdoor cafe, and looking at people walking by. The hills surrounding most of the four lakes we visited are steep, with rocky crests and heavy forests running down to the shoreline. The hills around the southern end of Lake Lecco are particularly rugged and spectacular, craggy and very close to Lecco. The towns that dot the shorelines mostly have red tile roofs, and pitch up steeply from the shore, where larger villas have boathouses or docks. Except at Lake Iseo, there are no industrial facilities on the lake shores, just forests or towns. It's even hard to see the road or the railroad in most places. The steepness of the hills makes roads very difficult to build, and they are either tunneled through the hills or very narrow, which discourages traffic.
We circled Milan, the second largest city in Italy, but didn't visit it on this trip. Our first stop was Torno, population 1 219, on the eastern shore of Lake Como. The largest city we visited, Brescia, has a population of almost 200 000. The cities and towns varied in their attempts to control the automobile and protect pedestrians. One extreme was Sirmione, at the end of narrow peninsula sticking into the south end of Lake Garda. No cars are allowed past the Scaliger Castle without a permit, and no one would want to drive through the crowds of tourists beyond that point. Parma, was a particularly attractive city, with several spectacular cultural sites (cathedral, baptistery, National Painting Gallery, Corregio frescoes).
Every hotel was different, with distinctive advantages. Our first stop (Villa Flora in Torno) had a balcony hanging over Lake Como, with a view of the far shore and a cooling breeze that was stronger than in any other hotel, all of which had larger rooms. There was even a view from the bathroom, and since no one could see in that was closer than 2 miles away, you could go about your business like an outhouse in the country with no one around and the door open.
The hotel on Lake Lecco (Il Griso) had the best restaurant and the best view, though there was no window in the bathroom. The balcony was large enough that Mariana could do Tai Chi outside. Arriving at noon from Torno, we promptly went upstairs to the dining room for lunch. One wall of the dining room has glass doors, which were opened to a spectacular view of the rugged hills across Lake Lecco rising behind the city of Lecco. The menu was inventive, the dining room was luxurious, the staff was friendly, and the cooking was superb. We ate dinner two nights running there, and would happily have worked our way through the whole menu, if we'd had the time.
The hotel above Lake Iseo also had a great view. It was in the hills well above the lake, and had been a farm and a roccolo. The name of the hotel was I Due Roccoli, but we didn't know what a roccolo was until we checked in and saw a picture book about i roccoli, which were stone towers surrounded with trees in which bird nets were concealed. The farmers living in the towers collected the birds and sold them for food, until it became a political/environmental issue. It seems birds for eating in Italy can't also be birds for singing in England. The English, among others, complained about the lack of song birds, that were being hunted to extinction in the south, where they migrated to spend the winter. So, eating song birds became illegal and i roccoli went out of business, or changed business in the case of I Due Roccoli.
We didn't see the variety of wildlife on this trip that you might have expected to see in the USA. There were swallows, pigeons, crows, and the occasional egret in the rice paddies near the end of the trip; but I think we have more species in our back yard in Arlington than we saw in cities or countryside in Lombardy. We also saw no road kill. In Burgundy we were worried about running into wild boars when driving through forests at night, and we did see some owls there. In England we have seen foxes. But there was nothing in Lombardy like the deer, foxes, opossums, raccoons, woodchucks, and dogs that you see by the roadside or alive in your back yard in the Washington area.
The biggest letdown of the trip was supposed to be one of the biggest deals: a dinner at the restaurant of Gualtiero Marchesi outside Brescia. Michelin gives him two stars (out of three possible) and D'Agostino gives him 90 points and the highest rating, three forks. We found the food unremarkable, however, and it took them 3 1/2 hours to serve us. When we arrived, I noticed a young American looking very bored at a table in the next room, and I thought he didn't appreciate good food. By the time I'd sat at the table for 3 hours I was at least as bored. The best entertainment of the evening was provided by the French couple at the next table, who called Gualtiero Marchesi himself out of the kitchen to upbraid him for cooking their main course the way he did, and to push it away and refuse to eat it.
We hadn't planned this trip very thoroughly, but even if we had, Lombardy, like Burgundy last year, was so full of interesting things to see that every day brought a surprise. The best surprises of this trip:
- Il Vittoriale, the home of the poet and novelist Gabriele D'Annunzio, on a hillside above Lake Garda. We traveled there by ferry from our hotel at Sirmione, stopping at Desenzano, and had to rush to get back to catch the last ferry back. The interior of the house is outlandish, decadent, extravagant, luxurious, creative, over decorated, wonderful. The grounds outside include a ship buried in a hillside, a torpedo boat, and a biplane flown by D'Annunzio over Vienna in 1918, when Italy and Austria were still at war.
- The Museo Civica in Brescia. They have renovated the Convento Santa Giulia to make it into a modern museum, with wonderful collections of prehistoric, Roman, Romanesque and other things we didn't have time to fully explore. We got in a week before the official opening.
- The Galleria Nazionale in Parma. They have converted part of a huge castle in the middle of Parma into a home for paintings by the local Renaissance genius, Corregio, and other notable Italian artists, including one Leonardo da Vinci drawing and a few paintings by Parmigianino and Bellotto. The 3-4 story high brick shell of the palace has been divided by steel scaffolding into an intricate series of spaces on several levels. Walking through the museum is something like walking along the catwalks above a stage. It would be a great setting for a chase scene in an action movie.
- The Rocca di Soragna, one of several brick palaces/castles in Emilia Romagna and Lombardy. We had visited the Rocca di San Vitale in Fontanellato the day before, especially to see a room frescoed by Parmigianino, which had been a little disappointing. We stopped in Soragna simply to have tea, and had chosen a cafe facing the Rocca di Soragna. We were too tired to do any more sightseeing that day, but the cafe was so pleasant that we came back the next day for a drink, and visited the Rocca just for a lark. We were amazed at the opulence of the interior of this palace, still owned by the Prince of Soragna. He has his own web site, too, at http://www.quiinternet.com/soragna/index.html.
- San Teodoro. In Pavia we were just going to use this church as a waypoint as we navigated to another said to be the best in Pavia. San Teodoro is also Romanesque, made of brick rather than stone, and wonderful, too. It has a famous fresco from 1522 showing a plan of the medieval city, studded with towers like San Gemignano in Tuscan still is.
- The Piazza Ducale in Vigevano. We came to this town because it had a good restaurant, it was close to Malpensa, where we would catch our flight home in the morning, and it was close to several Romanesque churches in the countryside. We hadnšt realized Vigevano was in rice-growing country, but that appeared to be the major agricultural product as we drove through the countryside. Once checked into our very plain, businessmanšs hotel in town, we also found that Vigevano was a center for the Italian shoe industry. Several Americans staying at the hotel were in town to get training in shoe making machinery that was being purchased by American manufacturers. We set off on foot from the hotel to find a cafe for lunch, and had a hot time of it as we followed the roads around town. Up to that point, the town had been unimpressive, with the 20th century and automobiles being the dominant influences. When we got close to the center, however, we found a piazza in front of the cathedral bordered by lovely, uniform arcades and a couple of cops watching things so that no one tried to drive a car or motor bike or scooter through this pedestrian zone. It was a cafe zone, with four large sets of tables and chairs along the NE and SE sides of the piazza. The arcades were designed by Bramante and built about 1490. A stairway leads from the SE side of the piazza to the 14c castle, which is being renovated and is used as a museum among other things. We had lunch and came back for a drink before dinner.
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There were other highlights of the trip, but they were expected:
- Corregio painted a room for the abbess of a convent in Parma that turned out, as expected, to be wonderful. There is a frieze of ram's heads with each ram looking a little different: amused, serious, noble, sly, goofy. Corregio painted holes in the ceiling, through which you can see pairs of putti playing against the sky. In one opening a putto blows a horn while his partner holds his ears; in another a pair of putti have a big hunting dog all tangled up in his leash.
- Certosa di Pavia. This is a monastery outside Pavia, started in 1396 by the same Visconti who built the castello in Pavia to serve as the burial place for his family. The west front is not tall, but is blindingly white and densely decorated with statues, reliefs, colored marble inlay, busts of Roman emperors, various styles of small columns, windows, and arcades. You see most of the interior on a free tour guided by a monk. There are two beautiful cloisters, one decorated with terra cotta medallions and other decorations, and the other surrounded by two dozen little two story houses where monks lived in isolation. This shot was taken from the first cloister, looking back at the southwest view of the church.
- Colleoni Chapel. This was built by a military leader of Bergamo in 1472 as his funerary chapel. Like the Certosa, it is highly decorated. Its interior is more brilliant than the Certosa, since it is smaller and you can see the gilt surfaces more closely.
Here are some other photos I took:
- The Villa Melzi is a beautiful garden near Bellagio, on Lake Como. It was owned by a prince who was raised by Napoleon to be Vice President of the republic that lasted until the French were beaten.
- Gravedona is a stone Romanesque church on the west shore of Lake Como. We reached it by ferry from Torno, early in our trip.
- Iseo ferry landing, as we pulled away on an hour and half round trip, making several stops.
- This castle is on Isola Loreto, in Lake Iseo.
- Sala Marasino is one of the stops on the east shore of Lake Iseo we saw during our ferry tour.
- Verdi was born in Bustello, and his statue is outside the Castello Bustello, formerly a palace and now a town hall and opera house.
- Castello Di San Gaudenzio is a hotel where we stayed, a little south of Pavia.
- Lomello is a brick Romanesque church near Vigevano, southwest of Milan, and one of the last sights of our trip.
The Italian lakes are relaxing, full of good things to see, and have good food. I'm sure we'll go back for a third time.